'Wargame/Natas:OverTheWire' 카테고리의 글 목록

이전 레벨과 소스코드는 거의 비슷하다고 합니다.

대신 쿠키를 확인해보면

num-id 형식을 hex로 인코딩 한 값이 들어갑니다.

스크립트 돌려줍시다.

'Wargame > Natas:OverTheWire' 카테고리의 다른 글

[Natas] Level18 (0)	2016.10.24
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[Natas] Level16 (0)	2016.10.23
[Natas] Level15 (0)	2016.10.23
[Natas] Level14 (0)	2016.10.23

<html> 
<head> 
<!-- This stuff in the header has nothing to do with the level --> 
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="http://natas.labs.overthewire.org/css/level.css"> 
<link rel="stylesheet" href="http://natas.labs.overthewire.org/css/jquery-ui.css" /> 
<link rel="stylesheet" href="http://natas.labs.overthewire.org/css/wechall.css" /> 
<script src="http://natas.labs.overthewire.org/js/jquery-1.9.1.js"></script> 
<script src="http://natas.labs.overthewire.org/js/jquery-ui.js"></script> 
<script src=http://natas.labs.overthewire.org/js/wechall-data.js></script><script src="http://natas.labs.overthewire.org/js/wechall.js"></script> 
<script>var wechallinfo = { "level": "natas18", "pass": "<censored>" };</script></head> 
<body> 
<h1>natas18</h1> 
<div id="content"> 
<? 

$maxid = 640; // 640 should be enough for everyone 

function isValidAdminLogin() { /* {{{ */ 
    if($_REQUEST["username"] == "admin") { 
    /* This method of authentication appears to be unsafe and has been disabled for now. */ 
        //return 1; 
    } 

    return 0; 
} 
/* }}} */ 
function isValidID($id) { /* {{{ */ 
    return is_numeric($id); 
} 
/* }}} */ 
function createID($user) { /* {{{ */ 
    global $maxid; 
    return rand(1, $maxid); 
} 
/* }}} */ 
function debug($msg) { /* {{{ */ 
    if(array_key_exists("debug", $_GET)) { 
        print "DEBUG: $msg<br>"; 
    } 
} 
/* }}} */ 
function my_session_start() { /* {{{ */ 
    if(array_key_exists("PHPSESSID", $_COOKIE) and isValidID($_COOKIE["PHPSESSID"])) { 
    if(!session_start()) { 
        debug("Session start failed"); 
        return false; 
    } else { 
        debug("Session start ok"); 
        if(!array_key_exists("admin", $_SESSION)) { 
        debug("Session was old: admin flag set"); 
        $_SESSION["admin"] = 0; // backwards compatible, secure 
        } 
        return true; 
    } 
    } 

    return false; 
} 
/* }}} */ 
function print_credentials() { /* {{{ */ 
    if($_SESSION and array_key_exists("admin", $_SESSION) and $_SESSION["admin"] == 1) { 
    print "You are an admin. The credentials for the next level are:<br>"; 
    print "<pre>Username: natas19\n"; 
    print "Password: <censored></pre>"; 
    } else { 
    print "You are logged in as a regular user. Login as an admin to retrieve credentials for natas19."; 
    } 
} 
/* }}} */ 

$showform = true; 
if(my_session_start()) { 
    print_credentials(); 
    $showform = false; 
} else { 
    if(array_key_exists("username", $_REQUEST) && array_key_exists("password", $_REQUEST)) { 
    session_id(createID($_REQUEST["username"])); 
    session_start(); 
    $_SESSION["admin"] = isValidAdminLogin(); 
    debug("New session started"); 
    $showform = false; 
    print_credentials(); 
    } 
}  

if($showform) { 
?> 

<p> 
Please login with your admin account to retrieve credentials for natas19. 
</p> 

<form action="index.php" method="POST"> 
Username: <input name="username"><br> 
Password: <input name="password"><br> 
<input type="submit" value="Login" /> 
</form> 
<? } ?> 
<div id="viewsource"><a href="index-source.html">View sourcecode</a></div> 
</div> 
</body> 
</html>

소스를 보면 admin 세션의 값이 1이 되어야만 패스워드를 뱉어낸다는 것을 알 수 있습니다.

하지만 일반적인 로그인으로는 return 값이 없기 때문에 1이 될 수 없겠죠.

여기서 admin이 로그인 되어 있어 세션 값이 1인 세션이 존재할 경우, 그 세션만 탈취하여 적용시킨다면 패스워드를 알아낼 수 있습니다.

간단하게 스크립트를 짜서 돌려줍시다. Key 부분은 파싱을 잘못 해서 출력이 안됐네요.

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[Natas] Level16 (0)	2016.10.23
[Natas] Level15 (0)	2016.10.23
[Natas] Level14 (0)	2016.10.23

<html> 
<head> 
<!-- This stuff in the header has nothing to do with the level --> 
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="http://natas.labs.overthewire.org/css/level.css"> 
<link rel="stylesheet" href="http://natas.labs.overthewire.org/css/jquery-ui.css" /> 
<link rel="stylesheet" href="http://natas.labs.overthewire.org/css/wechall.css" /> 
<script src="http://natas.labs.overthewire.org/js/jquery-1.9.1.js"></script> 
<script src="http://natas.labs.overthewire.org/js/jquery-ui.js"></script> 
<script src=http://natas.labs.overthewire.org/js/wechall-data.js></script><script src="http://natas.labs.overthewire.org/js/wechall.js"></script> 
<script>var wechallinfo = { "level": "natas17", "pass": "<censored>" };</script></head> 
<body> 
<h1>natas17</h1> 
<div id="content"> 
<? 

/* 
CREATE TABLE `users` ( 
  `username` varchar(64) DEFAULT NULL, 
  `password` varchar(64) DEFAULT NULL 
); 
*/ 

if(array_key_exists("username", $_REQUEST)) { 
    $link = mysql_connect('localhost', 'natas17', '<censored>'); 
    mysql_select_db('natas17', $link); 
     
    $query = "SELECT * from users where username=\"".$_REQUEST["username"]."\""; 
    if(array_key_exists("debug", $_GET)) { 
        echo "Executing query: $query<br>"; 
    } 

    $res = mysql_query($query, $link); 
    if($res) { 
    if(mysql_num_rows($res) > 0) { 
        //echo "This user exists.<br>"; 
    } else { 
        //echo "This user doesn't exist.<br>"; 
    } 
    } else { 
        //echo "Error in query.<br>"; 
    } 

    mysql_close($link); 
} else { 
?> 

<form action="index.php" method="POST"> 
Username: <input name="username"><br> 
<input type="submit" value="Check existence" /> 
</form> 
<? } ?> 
<div id="viewsource"><a href="index-source.html">View sourcecode</a></div> 
</div> 
</body> 
</html>

이번 소스를 보니 이전에 풀었던 Blind SQLi네요.

그런데 다른 점이 하나 있다면 참/거짓을 판별해주는 echo문이 주석 처리 됬다는 점입니다.

따라서 response 값의 차이로는 판별하기 힘들 것 같으니 time based blind SQLi로 풀면 될 것 같습니다.

중간에 타임 꼬여서 한번 더돌림..

저작자표시 비영리 동일조건

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[Natas] Level14 (0)	2016.10.23

<html>
<head>
<!-- This stuff in the header has nothing to do with the level -->
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="http://natas.labs.overthewire.org/css/level.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="http://natas.labs.overthewire.org/css/jquery-ui.css" />
<link rel="stylesheet" href="http://natas.labs.overthewire.org/css/wechall.css" />
<script src="http://natas.labs.overthewire.org/js/jquery-1.9.1.js"></script>
<script src="http://natas.labs.overthewire.org/js/jquery-ui.js"></script>
<script src=http://natas.labs.overthewire.org/js/wechall-data.js></script><script src="http://natas.labs.overthewire.org/js/wechall.js"></script>
<script>var wechallinfo = { "level": "natas16", "pass": "<censored>" };</script></head>
<body>
<h1>natas16</h1>
<div id="content">

For security reasons, we now filter even more on certain characters<br/><br/>
<form>
Find words containing: <input name=needle><input type=submit name=submit value=Search><br><br>
</form>


Output:
<pre>
<?
$key = "";

if(array_key_exists("needle", $_REQUEST)) {
    $key = $_REQUEST["needle"];
}

if($key != "") {
    if(preg_match('/[;|&`\'"]/',$key)) {
        print "Input contains an illegal character!";
    } else {
        passthru("grep -i \"$key\" dictionary.txt");
    }
}
?>
</pre>

<div id="viewsource"><a href="index-source.html">View sourcecode</a></div>
</div>
</body>
</html>

소스를 보니 이전에 했던 정규표현식 문제와 비슷합니다.

그러나 이번에는 key 부분에 double quotation으로 묶여있다는 점과 필터링이 강화되었다는 차이가 있네요.

여기서 생각 할 수 있는 것은 dictionary.txt를 무조건 참조할수밖에 없다는 것인데, 정규표현식에서는 if와 같이 조건을 걸어 줄 수 있습니다.

따라서 이를 이용하여 blind SQLi와 비스무리한 기법으로 패스워드를 찾아낼 수 있습니다.

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[Natas] Level13 (0)	2016.10.23

<html> 
<head> 
<!-- This stuff in the header has nothing to do with the level --> 
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="http://natas.labs.overthewire.org/css/level.css"> 
<link rel="stylesheet" href="http://natas.labs.overthewire.org/css/jquery-ui.css" /> 
<link rel="stylesheet" href="http://natas.labs.overthewire.org/css/wechall.css" /> 
<script src="http://natas.labs.overthewire.org/js/jquery-1.9.1.js"></script> 
<script src="http://natas.labs.overthewire.org/js/jquery-ui.js"></script> 
<script src=http://natas.labs.overthewire.org/js/wechall-data.js></script><script src="http://natas.labs.overthewire.org/js/wechall.js"></script> 
<script>var wechallinfo = { "level": "natas15", "pass": "<censored>" };</script></head> 
<body> 
<h1>natas15</h1> 
<div id="content"> 
<? 

/* 
CREATE TABLE `users` ( 
  `username` varchar(64) DEFAULT NULL, 
  `password` varchar(64) DEFAULT NULL 
); 
*/ 

if(array_key_exists("username", $_REQUEST)) { 
    $link = mysql_connect('localhost', 'natas15', '<censored>'); 
    mysql_select_db('natas15', $link); 
     
    $query = "SELECT * from users where username=\"".$_REQUEST["username"]."\""; 
    if(array_key_exists("debug", $_GET)) { 
        echo "Executing query: $query<br>"; 
    } 

    $res = mysql_query($query, $link); 
    if($res) { 
    if(mysql_num_rows($res) > 0) { 
        echo "This user exists.<br>"; 
    } else { 
        echo "This user doesn't exist.<br>"; 
    } 
    } else { 
        echo "Error in query.<br>"; 
    } 

    mysql_close($link); 
} else { 
?> 

<form action="index.php" method="POST"> 
Username: <input name="username"><br> 
<input type="submit" value="Check existence" /> 
</form> 
<? } ?> 
<div id="viewsource"><a href="index-source.html">View sourcecode</a></div> 
</div> 
</body> 
</html>

Blind SQLi인것 같습니다.

그래서 돌렸습니다.

저작자표시 비영리 동일조건

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[Natas] Level12 (0)	2016.10.23

로그인 폼이 있는 것을 보니 SQLi네요.

<html> 
<head> 
<!-- This stuff in the header has nothing to do with the level --> 
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="http://natas.labs.overthewire.org/css/level.css"> 
<link rel="stylesheet" href="http://natas.labs.overthewire.org/css/jquery-ui.css" /> 
<link rel="stylesheet" href="http://natas.labs.overthewire.org/css/wechall.css" /> 
<script src="http://natas.labs.overthewire.org/js/jquery-1.9.1.js"></script> 
<script src="http://natas.labs.overthewire.org/js/jquery-ui.js"></script> 
<script src=http://natas.labs.overthewire.org/js/wechall-data.js></script><script src="http://natas.labs.overthewire.org/js/wechall.js"></script> 
<script>var wechallinfo = { "level": "natas14", "pass": "<censored>" };</script></head> 
<body> 
<h1>natas14</h1> 
<div id="content"> 
<? 
if(array_key_exists("username", $_REQUEST)) { 
    $link = mysql_connect('localhost', 'natas14', '<censored>'); 
    mysql_select_db('natas14', $link); 
     
    $query = "SELECT * from users where username=\"".$_REQUEST["username"]."\" and password=\"".$_REQUEST["password"]."\""; 
    if(array_key_exists("debug", $_GET)) { 
        echo "Executing query: $query<br>"; 
    } 

    if(mysql_num_rows(mysql_query($query, $link)) > 0) { 
            echo "Successful login! The password for natas15 is <censored><br>"; 
    } else { 
            echo "Access denied!<br>"; 
    } 
    mysql_close($link); 
} else { 
?> 

<form action="index.php" method="POST"> 
Username: <input name="username"><br> 
Password: <input name="password"><br> 
<input type="submit" value="Login" /> 
</form> 
<? } ?> 
<div id="viewsource"><a href="index-source.html">View sourcecode</a></div> 
</div> 
</body> 
</html>

$query 부분이 취약해보입니다.

조져줍시다.

저작자표시 비영리 동일조건

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[Natas] Level11 (0)	2016.10.22

<html> 
<head> 
<!-- This stuff in the header has nothing to do with the level --> 
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="http://natas.labs.overthewire.org/css/level.css"> 
<link rel="stylesheet" href="http://natas.labs.overthewire.org/css/jquery-ui.css" /> 
<link rel="stylesheet" href="http://natas.labs.overthewire.org/css/wechall.css" /> 
<script src="http://natas.labs.overthewire.org/js/jquery-1.9.1.js"></script> 
<script src="http://natas.labs.overthewire.org/js/jquery-ui.js"></script> 
<script src=http://natas.labs.overthewire.org/js/wechall-data.js></script><script src="http://natas.labs.overthewire.org/js/wechall.js"></script> 
<script>var wechallinfo = { "level": "natas13", "pass": "<censored>" };</script></head> 
<body> 
<h1>natas13</h1> 
<div id="content"> 
For security reasons, we now only accept image files!<br/><br/> 

<?  

function genRandomString() { 
    $length = 10; 
    $characters = "0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"; 
    $string = "";     

    for ($p = 0; $p < $length; $p++) { 
        $string .= $characters[mt_rand(0, strlen($characters)-1)]; 
    } 

    return $string; 
} 

function makeRandomPath($dir, $ext) { 
    do { 
    $path = $dir."/".genRandomString().".".$ext; 
    } while(file_exists($path)); 
    return $path; 
} 

function makeRandomPathFromFilename($dir, $fn) { 
    $ext = pathinfo($fn, PATHINFO_EXTENSION); 
    return makeRandomPath($dir, $ext); 
} 

if(array_key_exists("filename", $_POST)) { 
    $target_path = makeRandomPathFromFilename("upload", $_POST["filename"]); 


        if(filesize($_FILES['uploadedfile']['tmp_name']) > 1000) { 
        echo "File is too big"; 
    } else if (! exif_imagetype($_FILES['uploadedfile']['tmp_name'])) { 
        echo "File is not an image"; 
    } else { 
        if(move_uploaded_file($_FILES['uploadedfile']['tmp_name'], $target_path)) { 
            echo "The file <a href=\"$target_path\">$target_path</a> has been uploaded"; 
        } else{ 
            echo "There was an error uploading the file, please try again!"; 
        } 
    } 
} else { 
?> 

<form enctype="multipart/form-data" action="index.php" method="POST"> 
<input type="hidden" name="MAX_FILE_SIZE" value="1000" /> 
<input type="hidden" name="filename" value="<? print genRandomString(); ?>.jpg" /> 
Choose a JPEG to upload (max 1KB):<br/> 
<input name="uploadedfile" type="file" /><br /> 
<input type="submit" value="Upload File" /> 
</form> 
<? } ?> 
<div id="viewsource"><a href="index-source.html">View sourcecode</a></div>

이번에는 exif_imagetype으로 이미지 파일인지 검증하는 함수를 추가해줬네요.

간단하게 헤더 추가해줍시다.

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[Natas] Level10 (0)	2016.10.22

<html> 
<head> 
<!-- This stuff in the header has nothing to do with the level --> 
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="http://natas.labs.overthewire.org/css/level.css"> 
<link rel="stylesheet" href="http://natas.labs.overthewire.org/css/jquery-ui.css" /> 
<link rel="stylesheet" href="http://natas.labs.overthewire.org/css/wechall.css" /> 
<script src="http://natas.labs.overthewire.org/js/jquery-1.9.1.js"></script> 
<script src="http://natas.labs.overthewire.org/js/jquery-ui.js"></script> 
<script src=http://natas.labs.overthewire.org/js/wechall-data.js></script><script src="http://natas.labs.overthewire.org/js/wechall.js"></script> 
<script>var wechallinfo = { "level": "natas12", "pass": "<censored>" };</script></head> 
<body> 
<h1>natas12</h1> 
<div id="content"> 
<?  

function genRandomString() { 
    $length = 10; 
    $characters = "0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"; 
    $string = "";     

    for ($p = 0; $p < $length; $p++) { 
        $string .= $characters[mt_rand(0, strlen($characters)-1)]; 
    } 

    return $string; 
} 

function makeRandomPath($dir, $ext) { 
    do { 
    $path = $dir."/".genRandomString().".".$ext; 
    } while(file_exists($path)); 
    return $path; 
} 

function makeRandomPathFromFilename($dir, $fn) { 
    $ext = pathinfo($fn, PATHINFO_EXTENSION); 
    return makeRandomPath($dir, $ext); 
} 

if(array_key_exists("filename", $_POST)) { 
    $target_path = makeRandomPathFromFilename("upload", $_POST["filename"]); 


        if(filesize($_FILES['uploadedfile']['tmp_name']) > 1000) { 
        echo "File is too big"; 
    } else { 
        if(move_uploaded_file($_FILES['uploadedfile']['tmp_name'], $target_path)) { 
            echo "The file <a href=\"$target_path\">$target_path</a> has been uploaded"; 
        } else{ 
            echo "There was an error uploading the file, please try again!"; 
        } 
    } 
} else { 
?> 

<form enctype="multipart/form-data" action="index.php" method="POST"> 
<input type="hidden" name="MAX_FILE_SIZE" value="1000" /> 
<input type="hidden" name="filename" value="<? print genRandomString(); ?>.jpg" /> 
Choose a JPEG to upload (max 1KB):<br/> 
<input name="uploadedfile" type="file" /><br /> 
<input type="submit" value="Upload File" /> 
</form> 
<? } ?> 
<div id="viewsource"><a href="index-source.html">View sourcecode</a></div> 
</div> 
</body> 
</html>

form으로 보내는 부분에서 jpg 확장자를 추가하는것 외엔 필터링 하는 부분이 없습니다.

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[Natas] Level9 (0)	2016.10.22

쿠키가 XOR encryption 되어 있다고 합니다.

<html>
<head>
<!-- This stuff in the header has nothing to do with the level -->
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="http://natas.labs.overthewire.org/css/level.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="http://natas.labs.overthewire.org/css/jquery-ui.css" />
<link rel="stylesheet" href="http://natas.labs.overthewire.org/css/wechall.css" />
<script src="http://natas.labs.overthewire.org/js/jquery-1.9.1.js"></script>
<script src="http://natas.labs.overthewire.org/js/jquery-ui.js"></script>
<script src=http://natas.labs.overthewire.org/js/wechall-data.js></script><script src="http://natas.labs.overthewire.org/js/wechall.js"></script>
<script>var wechallinfo = { "level": "natas11", "pass": "<censored>" };</script></head>
<?

$defaultdata = array( "showpassword"=>"no", "bgcolor"=>"#ffffff");

function xor_encrypt($in) {
    $key = '<censored>';
    $text = $in;
    $outText = '';

    // Iterate through each character
    for($i=0;$i<strlen($text);$i++) {
    $outText .= $text[$i] ^ $key[$i % strlen($key)];
    }

    return $outText;
}

function loadData($def) {
    global $_COOKIE;
    $mydata = $def;
    if(array_key_exists("data", $_COOKIE)) {
    $tempdata = json_decode(xor_encrypt(base64_decode($_COOKIE["data"])), true);
    if(is_array($tempdata) && array_key_exists("showpassword", $tempdata) && array_key_exists("bgcolor", $tempdata)) {
        if (preg_match('/^#(?:[a-f\d]{6})$/i', $tempdata['bgcolor'])) {
        $mydata['showpassword'] = $tempdata['showpassword'];
        $mydata['bgcolor'] = $tempdata['bgcolor'];
        }
    }
    }
    return $mydata;
}

function saveData($d) {
    setcookie("data", base64_encode(xor_encrypt(json_encode($d))));
}

$data = loadData($defaultdata);

if(array_key_exists("bgcolor",$_REQUEST)) {
    if (preg_match('/^#(?:[a-f\d]{6})$/i', $_REQUEST['bgcolor'])) {
        $data['bgcolor'] = $_REQUEST['bgcolor'];
    }
}

saveData($data);



?>